Projectile Motion
When you throw an object, the object falls with a certain curve. The object performs a parabolic motion. This is a motion on a two-dimensional plane, not a straight line. To understand this movement, it is necessary to think separately into two movements in the horizontal direction (x-axis direction) and the vertical direction (y-axis direction).
If there is no friction with air, the horizontal direction’s motion is the constant velocity linear motion. The speed with the horizontal direction does not change.
Vertical motion is a bit complicated. All objects on the surface are affected by the Earth’s gravity. When an object is thrown, the speed of climbing up is gradually reduced. Eventually, the speed increases again toward the center of the earth. The speed increase is equal to the Earth’s gravitational acceleration. The gravitational acceleration of the Earth is about 9.8 m/s2. This means that the speed continues to increase by 9.8 m/s every second.
The only force applied to the thrown object is the Earth’s gravity. No matter what the object is doing, the Earth’s gravity is downward, and its size is constant.